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Childhood autism spectrum test5/10/2024 Results: In the training set ( n = 372 mean age 51 months 75% male 51% ASD), a set of 32 RNA features (controlled for demographic and medical characteristics), identified ASD status with a cross-validated area under the curve (AUC) of 0.87 (95% CI: 0.86–0.88). The validation set was not used in model development (feature selection or training) but served only to validate empirical accuracy. The training set was used to develop an RNA-based algorithm that distinguished ASD and non-ASD children. Prior to analysis, the sample was randomly divided into a training set (82% of subjects) and an independent validation test set (18% of subjects). Comprehensive human and microbial RNA abundance was measured in the saliva of all participants using unbiased next generation sequencing. Children were either neurotypical ( n = 134) or had a diagnosis of ASD ( n = 238), or non-ASD developmental delay ( n = 84). Methods: This multi-center cross-sectional study included 456 children, ages 19–83 months. We hypothesized that a saliva-based poly-“omic” RNA panel could objectively distinguish children with ASD from their neurotypical peers and children with non-ASD developmental delay. ![]() Studies of RNA levels in ASD have demonstrated potential utility, but have been limited by a focus on single RNA types, small sample sizes, and lack of developmental delay controls. Efforts to define biomarkers of ASD have not resulted in an objective, reliable test. 5Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United Statesīackground: The diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) relies on behavioral assessment.4Departments of Psychiatry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States.3Departments of Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States. ![]() 2Quadrant Biosciences, Inc., Syracuse, NY, United States. ![]()
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